Antithrombotic Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation: CHEST Guideline and Expert Panel Report (Lip et al, Chest 2018)

Guidelines/Clinical Documents: The modern electrophysiology (EP) laboratory is a complex environment providing an array of interventions for the diagnosis and treatment of heart rhythm disorders and is a result of many transformations over the last three decades. The EP field has witnessed rapid expansion in the number of therapeutic procedures treating a wide range of arrhythmias and in the new technologies available to perform these procedures. Because of the increasing complexity of equipment and procedures and an ever-expanding knowledge base, it was concluded that the field would benefit from a consensus document that would define the critical components and processes of a modern EP laboratory. To this end, the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) convened a multidisciplinary team to review EP laboratory design, ergonomics, personnel, equipment, occupational hazards, and patient safety, as well as clinical and ethical issues related to diagnostic and therapeutic EP procedures. The goal is to provide physicians, administrators, and regulatory personnel with the recommended requirements for building, staffing, and running a modern EP laboratory to optimize patient outcomes, minimize patient risk, and provide a safe and positive environment for physicians and staff.

The writing committee was formed by the Scientific and Clinical Documents Committee of the HRS, with approval by the President of the HRS and the HRS Executive Committee. The composition of the committee was meant to represent the range of stakeholders in the EP laboratory. The choice of the writing committee members was in accordance with the HRS Relationships With Industry policy.1 All members of the writing committee were required to fully disclose all potential conflicts of interest (see Appendix 1).

Relatively little published literature addresses the EP laboratory environment, staffing, and processes. Therefore, many of the statements in this document are the product of expert consensus by the writing committee and reviewers. For cases in which there were divergent opinions on a statement, a vote among writing committee members was taken, and if a two-third majority supported the statement, it was adopted in the document. The sections pertaining to pediatric and adult congenital heart disease were reviewed and approved by the Pediatric and Congenital Electrophysiology Society (PACES), a nonprofit organization dedicated to the treatment of arrhythmia disorders in children and individuals with congenital heart disease (CHD). The final document was approved by the Board of Trustees of the HRS. This document is directed to all health care professionals who design, manage, and/or work in the EP laboratory environment.

Guidelines/Clinical Documents: Atrial fibrillation is the most sustained common arrhythmia, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing in the United States and globally. Recommendations from the “2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation” and the “2019 AHA/ACC/HRS Focused Update of the 2014 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation” have been updated with new evidence to guide clinicians. In addition, new recommendations addressing atrial fibrillation and thromboembolic risk assessment, anticoagulation, left atrial appendage occlusion, atrial fibrillation catheter or surgical ablation, and risk factor modification and atrial fibrillation prevention have been developed.